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    <title>Handcrafted.codes</title><!--required-->
    <link>http://handcrafted.codes/</link><!--required-->
    <description>Physics, numerical programming, data science, and more</description><!--required-->
    <!--optional in ABC order-->
    <copyright>Joel DeWitt</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</webMaster>
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    <image>
      <url>http://handcrafted.codes/favicon/favicon-16x16.png</url><!--required-->
      <title>Handcrafted.codes</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/</link><!--required-->
      <width>16</width>
      <height>16</height>
      <description>Physics, numerical programming, data science, and more</description>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>The Simple Pendulum (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/amp/amp.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program solves the equation for the total energy of a simple pendulum to illustrate conservation of mechanical energy for large oscillations.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0001</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Jul 2014 05:16 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0001 The Simple Pendulum-->
    <item>
      <title>Higher-Dimensional Models (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/discrete/discrete.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program obtains a numerical solution to the Lorenz equations via a common fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0002</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 Aug 2014 16:30 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0002 Higher-Dimensional Models-->
    <item>
      <title>Response to External Forces (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/driven/driven.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program solves the equation of motion of a driven damped linear oscillator to illustrate how a harmonic system responds to perturbation.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0003</guid>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Sep 2014 09:14 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0003 Response to External Forces-->
    <item>
      <title>Range-Energy Calculator (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Dreamweaver/Dreamweaver.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program provides range, initial kinetic energy, final kinetic energy, or linear energy transfer for a specified projectile-target combination.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0004</guid>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2015 15:36 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0004 Range-Energy Calculator-->
    <item>
      <title>A Simple Variational Monte Carlo Method (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/fermat/fermat.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program applies a simple variational Monte Carlo method to Fermat's principle of least time in geometrical optics.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0005</guid>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2015 21:29 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0005 A Simple Variational Monte Carlo Method-->
    <item>
      <title>The Double Pendulum (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Doppelt/Doppelt.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program solves the coupled equations of motion of a double pendulum to simulate chaos for large amplitude oscillations.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0006</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2015 08:25 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0006 The Double Pendulum-->
    <item>
      <title>One-Dimensional Classical Ideal Gas (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Boltzmann/Boltzmann.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program investigates some of the equilibrium properties of a one-dimensional classical ideal gas.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0007</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2015 13:37 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0007 One-Dimensional Classical Ideal Gas-->
    <item>
      <title>Kepler's First Law (physics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Kepler/Kepler.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>What kind of curve would be described by a planet, supposing the force of attraction toward the Sun to be reciprocal to the square of the distance from it?</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>physics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0008</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Dec 2015 01:06 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0008 Kepler's First Law-->
    <item>
      <title>A Miniature Solar System (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/planet2/planet2.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program simulates a miniature Solar system of two planets about a fixed Sun-like star.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0009</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 Jan 2016 16:20 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0009 A Miniature Solar System-->
    <item>
      <title>The Double Pendulum (classical mechanics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/physics/physics.htm#physics01</link><!--required-->
      <description>Obtain the equations of motion for the double pendulum.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>classical mechanics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0010</guid>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 May 2016 16:17 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0010 The Double Pendulum-->
    <item>
      <title>Mirrored Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID-1) on Linux (cool stuff)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/RAID-1/RAID-1.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>These are some instructions on how to set up RAID-1 on a Linux system.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>cool stuff</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0011</guid>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jun 2016 11:25 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0011 Mirrored Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID-1) on Linux-->
    <item>
      <title>Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in the Planar Model I. Mean Magnetization (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/kt1/kt1.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program utilizes the Monte Carlo method to simulate the planar model on a square lattice using periodic boundary conditions.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0012</guid>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Aug 2016 14:24 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0012 Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in the Planar Model I. Mean Magnetization-->
    <item>
      <title>Finite Element Analysis (cool stuff)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/FEA/FEA.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This is a demonstration of finite element analysis (FEA)--also referred to as the finite element method (FEM)--with a two dimensional argument as input.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>cool stuff</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0013</guid>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2016 08:49 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0013 Finite Element Analysis-->
    <item>
      <title>Stopping Power of Particle Radiation (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/dEdx/dEdx.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program provides stopping power and kinetic energy as a function of depth for a specified projectile-target combination.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0014</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 09 Dec 2016 11:03 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0014 Stopping Power of Particle Radiation-->
    <item>
      <title>Atmospheric Ionizing Radiation (cool stuff)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/AIR/AIR.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This is an adaption of a written report on atmospheric ionizing radiation (AIR).</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>cool stuff</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0015</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 03 Jan 2017 12:39 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0015 Atmospheric Ionizing Radiation-->
    <item>
      <title>Estimating the Mass of an Exoplanet (physics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Kepler/Kepler.htm#exoplanet</link><!--required-->
      <description>How would one estimate the mass of an extrasolar planet, or exoplanet?</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>physics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0016</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 03 Mar 2017 10:24 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0016 Estimating the Mass of an Exoplanet-->
    <item>
      <title>Sternheimer Density Effect Parameters (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Sternheimer/Sternheimer.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program calculates the Sternheimer density effect parameters using the prescription given in The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 33(11), 1189 (1982). This utility is a companion to the Range-Energy Calculator.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0017</guid>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 May 2017 08:42 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0017 Sternheimer Density Effect Parameters-->
    <item>
      <title>Snell's Law from Fermat's Principle of Least Time (physics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/fermat/fermat.htm#Snell</link><!--required-->
      <description>A demonstration of how Snell's law can be obtained from Fermat's principle of least time.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>physics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0018</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 26 May 2017 09:14 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0018 Snell's Law from Fermat's Principle of Least Time-->
    <item>
      <title>Interaction of Ionizing Radiation with Matter (physics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Dreamweaver/Dreamweaver.htm#Bethe-Bloch</link><!--required-->
      <description>A better introduction to the Bethe-Bloch formula.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>physics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0019</guid>
      <pubDate>Sun, 25 Jun 2017 21:57 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0019 Interaction of Ionizing Radiation with Matter-->
    <item>
      <title>Mass and Spring (classical mechanics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/physics/physics.htm#physics02</link><!--required-->
      <description>A small mass m is supported by a vertical spring. When an additional 100 g is attached to the original mass, the system begins to oscillate at a frequency of 0.500 Hz. When the oscillations die out, the spring is found to have increased in length by 10.0 cm. Find m.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>classical mechanics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0020</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Nov 2017 12:01 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0020 Mass and Spring-->
    <item>
      <title>Deep-Water Waves (classical mechanics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/physics/physics.htm#physics03</link><!--required-->
      <description>Can we approximate the speed of deep-water waves?</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>classical mechanics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0021</guid>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Jan 2018 11:31 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0021 Deep-Water Waves-->
    <item>
      <title>Period of a Satellite in Low-Earth Orbit (physics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/planet2/planet2.htm#LEO</link><!--required-->
      <description>Show that for a spherical planet of uniform density, the orbital period of a satellite in a low, circular orbit is independent of the planet’s radius but is inversely proportional to the square root of the planet’s density.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>physics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0022</guid>
      <pubDate>Wed, 21 Feb 2018 11:30 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0022 Period of a Satellite in Low-Earth Orbit-->
    <item>
      <title>Stopping Power of Electrons (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Beta/Beta.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This program provides electron stopping power as a function of kinetic energy in a specified target material.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0023</guid>
      <pubDate>Wed, 2 May 2018 08:49 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0023 Stopping Power of Electrons-->
    <item>
      <title>Photon Interactions with Matter (physics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/photon/photon.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This article gives an overview of photon interactions with matter.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>physics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0024</guid>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Oct 2018 16:50 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0024 Photon Interactions with Matter-->
    <item>
      <title>The Great American Eclipse (cool stuff)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/TGAE/TGAE.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This page describes how temperature changed as a function of time during the total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittis@students.pittschools.org (Isaac DeWitt)</author>
      <category>cool stuff</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0025</guid>
      <pubDate>Wed, 5 Dec 2018 09:22 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0025 The Great American Eclipse-->
    <item>
      <title>Notes for the Range-Energy Calculator (physics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Dreamweaver/Dreamweaver_notes.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>I've moved the Notes section of the Range-Energy Calculator to a separate page.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>physics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0026</guid>
      <pubDate>Sun, 09 Dec 2018 19:13 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0026 Notes for the Range-Energy Calculator-->
    <item>
      <title>Minor edit of "Higher-Dimensional Models"</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/discrete/discrete.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This is a minor edit of "Higher-Dimensional Models" to include new information about Ellen Fetter and Margaret Hamilton, who were responsible for programming the enormous 1960s-era computer that would uncover strange attractors and other hallmarks of chaos theory.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>edit</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0027</guid>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Jun 2019 16:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0027 Higher-Dimensional Models-->
    <item>
      <title>Minor edit of "Range-Energy Calculator"</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Dreamweaver/Dreamweaver.htm#calculator</link><!--required-->
      <description>I've finally gotten around to adding a checkbox to the range-energy calculator to output units of MeV-cm2/g when computing linear energy transfer.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>edit</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0028</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 Oct 2019 08:20 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0028 Range-Energy Calculator-->
    <item>
      <title>Return of the Simple Pendulum (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/amp/amp.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>The Simple Pendulum gets a refresh with some corrections.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0029</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Dec 2019 07:58 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0029 The Simple Pendulum-->
    <item>
      <title>The Simple Pendulum in Scratch! (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/amp/amp.htm#Scratch</link><!--required-->
      <description>The Simple Pendulum gets a Scratch translation!</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0030</guid>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2020 09:16 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0030 The Simple Pendulum-->
    <item>
      <title>Interacting with the Interaction Cross Sections (physics)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/photon/photon.htm#JS</link><!--required-->
      <description>I've added a little JavaScript calculator for the photon interaction cross sections described on this page.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>physics</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0031</guid>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Sep 2021 19:49 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0031 Photon Interactions with Matter-->
    <item>
      <title>Update to AIR (cool stuff)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/AIR/AIR.htm#Radiation</link><!--required-->
      <description>Added section "Radiation Environment in the Atmosphere" to the AIR report.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>cool stuff</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0032</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 14 January 2022 08:31 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0032 Update to AIR-->
    <item>
      <title>Update to Sternheimer (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Sternheimer/Sternheimer.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>Tweaked the density effect calculator.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0033</guid>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 September 2022 21:04 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0033 Update to Sternheimer-->
    <item>
      <title>The Roots of Polynomials (cool stuff)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/roots/roots.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>This is a collection of programs that gives the roots of polynomials of varying degrees.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>cool stuff</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0034</guid>
      <pubDate>Sat, 25 November 2023 17:05 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0034 The Roots of Polynomials-->
    <item>
      <title>Ramanujan (cool stuff)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Ramanujan/Ramanujan.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>Here is a Ramanujan page for those of you that need more mathematical identities and continued fractions in your life.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>cool stuff</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0035</guid>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 November 2024 10:20 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0035 Ramanujan-->
    <item>
      <title>Update to AIR (cool stuff)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/AIR/AIR.htm#Showers</link><!--required-->
      <description>Added section "Air Showers" to the AIR report.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>cool stuff</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0036</guid>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 December 2024 11:23 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0036 Update to AIR-->
    <item>
      <title>Update to Range-Energy Calculator (numerical programming)</title><!--required-->
      <link>http://handcrafted.codes/Dreamweaver/Dreamweaver.htm</link><!--required-->
      <description>Modest refresh of the range-energy calculator.</description><!--required-->
      <!--optional in ABC order-->
      <author>dewittjo@ecu.edu (Joel DeWitt)</author>
      <category>numerical programming</category>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">item0037</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 April 2026 21:28 GMT</pubDate>
    </item><!--item0037 Update to Range-Energy Calculator-->
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